
Blood work only helps if the right panel is ordered and you arrive properly prepared. This guide covers what each one measures, when fasting is needed and what the common values mean.
The most common panels
| Panel | What it measures | Fasting? |
|---|---|---|
| Complete blood count | Anemia, infection, platelets | No |
| Fasting glucose | Blood sugar | Yes, 8 hours |
| Glycated hemoglobin (A1C) | Average sugar over 3 months | No |
| Lipid panel | Total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglycerides | Usually yes |
| Metabolic panel | Kidney, liver, electrolytes | Depends on the panel |
| Thyroid panel | TSH, T4, T3 | No |
When fasting is needed
Eight hours without food, water only, for fasting glucose. The lipid panel usually asks the same, although some labs now accept it without fasting. A1C does not require fasting, which is why it is preferred for diabetes monitoring: it can be done at any time.
Ask which panel you are having before deciding whether to eat breakfast. Arriving fasted when you did not need to only makes you hungry; arriving fed when you did need to means coming back.
How to prepare
- Drink water: veins are easier to find when you are hydrated
- Avoid hard exercise the day before
- Bring your medication and supplement list
- If you take levothyroxine, take it after the draw
- If needles make you faint, say so before sitting down
What the common values mean
A1C. According to the American Diabetes Association, below 5.7% is normal, 5.7 to 6.4% indicates prediabetes and 6.5% or above meets the criteria for diabetes.
Cholesterol. The number alone says little: it is read together with age, blood pressure, smoking and family history. An LDL of 130 does not mean the same in a 30-year-old with no risk factors as in a 60-year-old with diabetes.
Low hemoglobin. It suggests anemia, but the cause matters more than the number: iron deficiency, bleeding, chronic disease. That is why it is rarely treated with a supplement alone without looking for the reason.
A value outside the range is not a diagnosis
Reference ranges are calculated across populations, and a slightly out-of-range value can be normal for you. What matters is the trend over time and the clinical context. Keep your previous results: comparing is worth more than any isolated value.
Where to have them done in Houston
At Clínica Hispana Nueva Salud Little York blood work is drawn at the clinic, walk-in and with no prior doctor's order needed, Monday through Sunday from 9 AM to 9 PM. Promotions include the complete general check-up for $99 and the general blood panel with vitamin B12 for $99.
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